Borobudur Engineering Review
Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Densitas Spons sebagai Cooling Pad terhadap Kinerja Sistem Evaporative Cooling Experimental Study of the Effect of Sponge Density Variations as a Cooling Pad on the Performance of an Evaporative Cooling System
Abstract
Performa sistem evaporative cooling sangat dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik cooling pad, terutama kemampuan media dalam menyerap, mendistribusikan, dan mempertahankan air selama proses evaporasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh densitas cooling pad berbahan spons terhadap performa sistem evaporative cooling dengan mekanisme pembasahan pasif melalui kapilaritas tanpa menggunakan pompa sirkulasi air. Variasi densitas spons yang digunakan adalah 0,0215 g/cm³, 0,0225 g/cm³, dan 0,0233 g/cm³, sedangkan kecepatan udara divariasikan sebesar 4 m/s dan 5 m/s. Parameter yang diamati meliputi temperatur udara masuk dan keluar, kelembaban relatif masuk dan keluar, laju penguapan air, cooling effect, perubahan kelembaban relatif (ΔRH), dan effectiveness evaporative cooling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa densitas cooling pad memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap performa sistem. Densitas 0,0225 g/cm³ menghasilkan cooling effect tertinggi, peningkatan kelembaban relatif yang lebih stabil, serta effectiveness evaporative cooling terbaik dibandingkan variasi densitas lainnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa densitas tersebut mampu memberikan keseimbangan antara gaya kapiler, retensi air, permeabilitas media, dan hambatan aliran udara sehingga proses perpindahan panas dan massa berlangsung lebih efektif. Sebaliknya, densitas yang terlalu rendah menyebabkan kemampuan retensi air menurun, sedangkan densitas yang terlalu tinggi meningkatkan pressure drop sehingga mengurangi efektivitas pendinginan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa optimasi densitas cooling pad merupakan faktor penting dalam meningkatkan performa sistem evaporative cooling berbasis pembasahan pasif yang lebih sederhana dan hemat energi.
Keywords
Evaporative Cooling; Cooling Pad; Densitas Spons; Kapilaritas; Cooling EffectReferences
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