Community Empowerment

Articles

Developing Bikan Waterfall geotourism through community-based tourism (CBT): Empowerment of the local tourism awareness group

Riam Marlina A , Yoszi Mingsi Anaperta , Fariz Aditya , Rangga Agung Pribadi Heriawan , Andri Van Deni , William Jesicel

Abstract

Bikan Waterfall within the Rantih Geosite, Sawahlunto, possesses significant geological value from the Tertiary Ombilin Formation, offering high scientific and educational potential. However, its development is hindered by limited community capacity and a lack of geological interpretation facilities. This community service program aims to strengthen the capacity of the local Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) through a Community-Based Tourism (CBT) approach. The methodology involves participatory observation, educational geotourism socialization, environmental conservation actions, and the installation of geological interpretive signboards. The results demonstrate a significant increase in community geotourism literacy, the formulation of a CBT-based management strategy, and the availability of interpretive facilities that enhance the site's educational function. This initiative proves that the synergy between geological conservation and local participation effectively increases the competitiveness of Bikan Waterfall as a sustainable geotourism destination.

Keywords

Geotourism; Community empowerment; Bikan Waterfall; Community-based tourism; Ombilin formation

References

  1. Adrianda, R. S., Sahara, R., & Gusti, U. K. (2025). The geodiversity site of Geopark Ranah Minang Silokek, Indonesia: Promoting geo-education and geotourism through geosite assessment. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 13(2), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2024.11.012
  2. Arifin, Y. I., Pattiro, W. M., Manyoe, I. N., Napu, S. S. S., & Sugawara, H. (2023). Analysis and Quantitative Assessment of Geodiversity at Karya Murni, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 48(2spl), 763–773. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.482spl10-1076
  3. Aristya, G. R., Wulandari, M. T., Dimas, A., Sritanjung, O., Ramadhani, G. A. S., Ishana, A., & Sofyantoro, F. (2025). Development of ecotourism in Blubuk Village through sustainable environmental management. Community Empowerment, 10(2), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.12321
  4. Chrobak, A., Novotný, J., & Struś, P. (2021). Geodiversity Assessment as a First Step in Designating Areas of Geotourism Potential. Case Study: Western Carpathians. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.752669
  5. Ernawati, N. M., Sitawat, A. A. R., & Muliati, N. K. (2018). Batur toward Sustainable Tourism Development - A Community-based Geotourism Case from Bali in Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 9(2), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v9.2(26).09
  6. Fajar, M. H. M., Santoso, E. B., Ulumuddin, F., Rahayu, H. K., Wirayudhatama, M., Alfany, M. K., Rafi, M. E. D., & Zukhrufah, S. Z. (2024). Geodiversity Assessment of Widodaren Spring: A Treasure Trove Site for Bromo Tengger Volcano’s Future Geopark. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1418(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1418/1/012060
  7. Fizizka, A., Bimantaka, Y., Djailani, S., Indriyani, Habibie, S. O. V., Radhiatunisa, Asrizalni, D., Maharani, A., Irdayanti, & Hevitria. (2024). Development Of Rice Field And Mangrove Tourism Center For Conservation And Edu-Ecotourism In Bukit Terap Village. Community Empowerment, 9(2), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.11138
  8. Hawkins, D. S. (2022). Global Youth Engagement in Promoting Community Empowerment in Indonesian Geoparks Development: Prospects and Challenges for Indonesia Geopark Youth Forum. Journal of Social Development Studies, 3(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsds.3737
  9. Indriani, Y., Prayogo, D. P. A., Fadilah, R. N., Adi Saputra, D., & Aini, A. R. (2025). Geosite Bercerita: Strategi Interpretatif Geowisata melalui Papan Informasi di Desa Jari, Bojonegoro. ABDIRA: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/abdira.v5i4.954
  10. Krittayaruangroj, K., Suriyankietkaew, S., & Hallinger, P. (2023). Research on sustainability in community-based tourism: a bibliometric review and future directions. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 28(9), 1031–1051. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2023.2276477
  11. Makiya, K. R., Susanto, D. R., Noviati, F., & Haryanto, E. (2024). Enhancing the quality of homestay services in Lembah Oya to support sustainable tourism development in Selopamioro. Community Empowerment, 9(2), 208–215. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.10344
  12. Mu’arifuddin, M., Rifandi, R. A., & Ifriza, Y. N. (2025). Eco-educational culture tourism: Efforts to improve community welfare in Timpik Village. Community Empowerment, 10(5), 1184–1194. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.12897
  13. Muda, F. (2025). Community participation in Indonesian sustainable tourism: A systematic review of models, impacts, and gaps. Priviet Social Sciences Journal, 5(8), 125–139. https://doi.org/10.55942/pssj.v5i8.462
  14. Samodra, H., Permanadewi, S., Irzon, R., Yunianto, B., Ansori, C., Junursyah, G. M. L., Patriani, E. Y., & Maryanto, S. (2024). The geodiversity site of Sentono Gentong in Pacitan, Indonesia: Geological characteristics and quantitative assessment. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 12(2), 196–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2024.02.004
  15. Suriyankietkaew, S., Krittayaruangroj, K., Thinthan, S., & Lumlongrut, S. (2025). Creative tourism as a driver for sustainable development: A model for advancing SDGs through community-based tourism and environmental stewardship. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.100828
  16. Wani, M. D., Dada, Z. A., & Shah, S. A. (2024). The impact of community empowerment on sustainable tourism development and the mediation effect of local support: a structural equation Modeling approach. Community Development, 55(1), 50–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2022.2109703
  17. Wiratno, W., Withaningsih, S., Gunawan, B., & Iskandar, J. (2022). Ecotourism as a Resource Sharing Strategy: Case Study of Community-Based Ecotourism at the Tangkahan Buffer Zone of Leuser National Park, Langkat District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(6), 3399. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063399