Borobudur Engineering Review

Produksi Bahan Bakar Padat Terbarukan Berdasarkan Kajian Torefaksi Limbah Kulit Ketela Berbasis Gelombang Mikro

2024-11-30T10:59:24+00:00

Biomassa memiliki potensi sebagai energi alternatif terbarukan karena sumber energinya yang melimpah. Biomassa (limbah kulit ketela) dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya dengan metode torefaksi. Dengan proses torefaksi maka nilai kalor pada biomassa akan meningkat dan nilai kalor biomassa dapat setara dengan batubara. Tujuan dari penilitian ini untuk mengetahui limbah kulit ketela sesuai standar SNI No.1/6235/2000. Penelitian torefaksi ini menggunakan beberapa pengaruh variabel. Adapun variabel yang digunakan, yaitu variasi suhu (200℃, 250℃, 300℃), variasi waktu tunggu (30 menit, 45 menit, 60 menit) dan variasi Power Level (defrost, medium low, medium). Hasil pengujian briket kulit ketela sesuai standar SNI No.1/6235/2000 dengan variasi suhu didapatkan pada suhu 250℃ dan 300℃. Hasil pengujian briket kulit ketela sesuai standar SNI No.1/6235/2000 dengan variasi waktu didapatkan pada waktu 30 menit dan 45 menit. Hasil pengujian briket kulit ketela sesuai standar SNI No.1/6235/2000 dengan variasi power level didapatkan pada medium low.

Analysis of UMKM Product Quality Control Using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) Method

2024-11-30T08:06:23+00:00

UMKM Keripik Bariklana is one of the cassava-based food processing businesses established in 2015 and located in Sumurarum Village, Grabag District, Magelang Regency, Central Java. UMKM Keripik Bariklana produces one variant of cassava balado chips with an average production capacity of 1,500 kg of cassava chips per month which is worked on by 6 male workers and 4 female workers. However, UMKM Keripik Bariklana still faces problems in its production process, namely there are still defective products in the form of crushed chips and broken chips. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that cause the emergence of defective products and provide suggestions for improvements aimed at achieving zero defect products of UMKM Keripik Bariklana. The method used in quality control to achieve zero product defects is using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) method. After being analyzed with a fishbone diagram, the results of this study showed that the factors causing defective cassava chips are Material, Machine, Method and Man. Improvements made to achieve zero product defects are that before purchasing raw materials, the age of cassava must be checked until harvest time, weather factors, and the characteristics of cassava from each different region must be checked. Employees are given useful training to increase knowledge and develop skills in the cassava chips making process. Carefully adjust and check machine components before use in the production process, such as sharpening knives if the blade is blunt and replacing components if any are damaged. It is necessary to review the work method whether employees understand and understand the work method, for that it is necessary to design a more systematic one and use language that is easier to understand. So that the SOP that is made can be run properly and correctly

Penambahan Bio-Aditif Minyak Sereh Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Campuran Pertalite-Etanol

2024-11-30T10:52:36+00:00

Meningkatnya pengguna kendaraan bermotor menjadikan krisis energi fosil menjadi masalah terbesar yang dihadapi dunia saat ini. Masalah tersebut dapat dikurangi dengan menambahkan bahan bakar terbarukan seperti etanol. tetapi dengan menambahkan etanol pada kendaraan bermotor menyebabkan penurunan energi. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi penurunan energi menggunakan minyak sereh dalam campuran bahan bakar pertalite etanol. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan persentase minyak sereh yang digunakan adalah 2%, 4%, dan 6% : 500 ml campuran pertalite etanol. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan sepeda motor Honda Grand dengan alat dynotest yang dilakukan pada rpm 3000-8000. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daya tertinggi yang didapat dari campuran pertalite etanol yang ditambah minyak sereh adalah 4,6 HP pada 6000 rpm dan torsi tertinggi yang dihasilkan adalah 6,1 Nm pada 4000 rpm. Dibandingkan dengan pertalite murni daya yang dihasilkan adalah 4,2 HP pada 6000 rpm dan torsi yang didapat adalah 5,6 Nm pada 3500 rpm. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut, campuran pertalite etanol yang ditambah dengan minyak sereh dapat meningkatkan daya dan torsi mesin.

A Review on Automatic Tyre Pressure Control Technologies and Solar as Possible Energy Solution

2024-11-30T14:59:14+00:00

Tyre inflation pressure plays a crucial role in ensuring safe and economical driving. Automatic tyre inflation systems are designed to constantly maintain tyre pressure at the proper level. Different techniques exist to monitor, control and maintain tyre inflation pressure. Systems currently in development for tyre pressure control include dual tyre pressure equalizers, automatic tyre inflation system, central tyre inflation system as well as others which are in the prototype stage. In dual tyre pressure equalizer systems, a single sensor unit is mounted to the vehicle wheel end, monitoring the pressure in both tyres of a dual-tyre assembly, with a hose connection to each tyre valve stem. If pressure levels between the tyres do not match, either due to temperature warming of one tyre position versus the other, unequal loading, or slow air seepage, the system will attempt to bring the inflation pressure of the two tyres to the same level. Automatic tyre inflation systems monitor tyre inflation pressure relative to a pre-set target and re-inflate tyres whenever the detected pressure is below the target level. In central tyre inflation system, the driver can select the target pressure from an in-cab display, in order to raise or lower the tyre inflation level depending on the operating conditions of the vehicle. One of the greatest challenges in designing a tyre pressure control system is providing the required energy to power the system. This paper reviews some state-of-the-art tyre pressure control technologies. Then possibility of solar energy-powered solution reviewed. The proposed solar energy solution is for land vehicles used especially in arid region of the world.

Penggunaan Zeolite Sebagai Filter Untuk Menurunkan Emisi Gas Buang Berdasarkan Ukuran dan Tingkat Kejenuhan Absorsi

2024-12-26T01:57:49+00:00

Motorized vehicles have become a fundamental necessity in Indonesia, with each household owning at least one motorcycle highly favored by the community. The increase in the number of motorcycles reflects the performance of the automotive industry and the continuous improvement of people's purchasing power. Despite contributing positively to economic growth and mobility, the growth of motorized vehicles also brings negative impacts such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and dependence on imported petroleum. Exhaust emissions from vehicles, containing CO2, NOx, CO, VHC, and other particles, have serious implications for human health and the environment. The initiative to use environmentally friendly transportation technology, as adopted by the European Union with Euro emission standards, is crucial in reducing these negative impacts. In Indonesia, the adoption of Euro 4 emission standards in 2018 for gasoline-fueled cars and in 2021 for diesel cars is a positive step, despite the delay for diesel cars until 2022. Previous research indicates that alternative fuels like LPG can reduce exhaust emissions. Additionally, using a filter in motorcycle mufflers, especially with zeolite as a medium, can effectively reduce CO and HC levels. However, there is no in-depth research on the saturation level of zeolite's absorption capacity for exhaust emissions. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the saturation level of zeolite material with various sizes to absorb exhaust emissions, particularly HC, CO, and CO2 in motorized vehicles. The research results reveal that the optimal outcome for the saturation level of zeolite material absorption in the muffler filter of Yamaha Jupiter Z 110cc vehicles is achieved using 10 grams of zeolite powder with mesh size 50. The best CO concentration reduction occurs at 1000 rpm for 35 minutes, achieving a 66.9% reduction, reaching 2.85%. For HC, the best result is obtained in testing with 10 grams of zeolite powder mesh 50 at 1000 rpm for 20 minutes, with a 90.58% reduction, reaching 227 ppm. The optimal CO2 testing is conducted with 10 grams of zeolite powder mesh 50 at 1000 rpm for 30 to 40 minutes, resulting in a 21.95% reduction, reaching 13.4%. These findings indicate that the use of muffler filters with zeolite powder can significantly reduce exhaust emissions in Yamaha Jupiter Z 110cc, contributing positively to efforts in controlling air pollution from motorized vehicles