Grape seed oil as a sustainable cutting fluid in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) for enhanced surface roughness and corrosion resistance in 316L stainless steel face milling

2025-07-15T02:26:45+00:00

This work investigates grape seed oil as a green substitute for conventional mineral-based cutting fluids to reach sustainable manufacturing methods. The application of grape seed oil as a cutting fluid in the machining of 316L stainless steel using the MQL method has not been documented in prior research studies. In this work, the study focuses on determining the effect of the grape seed oil on the surface integrity and comparing these findings to standard dry machining conditions by examining surface topography, roughness, and corrosion resistance at three different spindle speeds (1500, 1800, and 2100 rpm). Results of experiments showed that grape seed oil greatly improved surface quality and corrosion resistance. Surface roughness dropped noticeably by 61.6% at 1500 rpm as opposed to dry machining. Likewise, changes in surface roughness noted were 54.0% at 1800 rpm and 54.9% at 2100 rpm. Furthermore, the potentiodynamic polarization data show that the grape seed oil greatly prevents post-machining corrosion of 316 L stainless steel. The corrosion rates of the material face milled using grape seed oil were decreased by 78.6%, 74.6%, and 80.8% at spindle speeds of 1500, 1800, and 2100 rpm, respectively, when compared with dry face milling. These results indicate that grape seed oil demonstrates its ability as a cutting fluid even for high-speed machining operations. Hence, grape seed oil can address industrial demands for more environmentally friendly manufacturing methods.

Application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) to optimize of green ammonia production using magnetic induction method (MIM) and nanocatalysts

2025-07-15T02:26:43+00:00

Ammonia synthesis in conventional industrial plants typically employs fused iron-based catalysts under harsh conditions—temperatures of 400–700°C and pressures exceeding 300 atm—resulting in significant energy consumption. This study investigates the potential of using a Mn_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄catalyst, synthesized under varying sintering temperatures and magnetic field inductions, to enable ammonia synthesis under milder conditions. Additionally, process optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD). Catalyst characterization results indicate that the crystallite size of Mn_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄ increases with higher sintering temperatures. The catalyst exhibits a near-spherical morphology with notable agglomeration. Magnetic property analysis shows that samples sintered at 700°C and 900°C display ferrimagnetic behavior, while the sample sintered at 1100°C exhibits ferromagnetic characteristics. Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR) revealed a maximum reduction peak at 788°C for the catalyst sintered at 1100°C, indicating enhanced reducibility. Ammonia formation was successfully achieved using a Helmholtz coil-assisted synthesis method, where the produced ammonia was captured in acidic and basic media in the form of NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂SO₄, confirming the catalytic activity of Mn_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄. The RSM model demonstrated high accuracy with an R² value of 99.73%, and residual analysis confirmed normal distribution, validating model assumptions. The optimal synthesis parameters determined were a sintering temperature of 700°C, magnetic induction of 0.14 T, and a reaction temperature of 28°C. The minimal deviation between predicted and experimental responses confirms the reliability and predictive accuracy of the quadratic regression model.

Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry

Grape seed oil as a sustainable cutting fluid in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) for enhanced surface roughness and corrosion resistance in 316L stainless steel face milling

Application of response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) to optimize of green ammonia production using magnetic induction method (MIM) and nanocatalysts