Article Sidebar

Submitted
Oct 2, 2021
Published
Apr 28, 2022
Download
Pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 1558 Download : 2043

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is chronic disease that requires routine lifelong treatment. Uncontrolled blood sugar levels in DM patients can cause complications. This has an impact on the burden of health costs. The aim of this study to conduct a narrative review of the cost of illness in type 2 DM patients in various countries. The English articles used in this study were obtained from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Wiley that published in the period 2011 to 2021. The cost reported in the articles were local currency that later converted into US dollars according to the time of the study. Based on the narrative review, there are 19 articles that meet the criteria. In the article, there are varied perspectives, methods, and cost categories. The total cost per year for type 2 DM ranged from US$246.1 to US$5894.1, direct, and indirect costs per patient per year ranged from US$ 104.6 to US$5246.4 and US$82.9 to US$2299.4. Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the burden of health costs. The presence of complications in type 2 DM patients requires higher health costs compared to uncomplicated type 2 DM patients and non-DM patient

Keywords

Direct cost Indirect cost Cost of illness Diabetes mellitus

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

References

  1. ADA. (2016). Standards Of Medical Care In Diabetes — 2016 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. The Journal of Clinical and Applied Research and Education, 39(January).
  2. Afroz, A., Alam, K., Ali, L., Karim, A., Alramadan, M. J., Habib, S. H., Magliano, D. J., & Billah, B. (2019). Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh: A prevalence based cost-of-illness study. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4440-3
  3. Afroz, A., Alramadan, M. J., Hossain, N., Romero, L., Alam, K., Magliano, D. J., & Billah, B. (2018). Cost-of-illness of type 2 diabetes mellitus in low and lower-middle income countries : a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research, 18, 1–10.
  4. Andayani, T. M. (2013). Farmakoekonomi prinsip dan metodologi. Bursa Ilmu.
  5. Bahia, L. R., Araujo, D. V., Schaan, B. D., Dib, S. A., Negrato, C. A., Leo, M. P. S., Ramos, A. J. S., Forti, A. C., Gomes, M. B., Foss, M. C., Monteiro, R. A., Sartorelli, D., & Franco, L. J. (2011). The costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatient care in the Brazilian Public Health System. Value in Health, 14(5 SUPPL.), S137–S140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2011.05.009
  6. Baudot, F. O., Aguadé, A. S., Barnay, T., Gastaldi-Ménager, C., & Fagot-Campagna, A. (2019). Impact of type 2 diabetes on health expenditure: estimation based on individual administrative data. European Journal of Health Economics, 20(5), 657–668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-018-1024-9
  7. Chen, D., Liu, S., Tan, X., & Zhao, Q. (2017). Assessment of hospital length of stay and direct costs of type 2 diabetes in Hubei Province, China. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2140-4
  8. Erzse, A., Stacey, N., Chola, L., Tugendhaft, A., Freeman, M., & Hofman, K. (2019). The direct medical cost of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Africa: a cost of illness study. Global Health Action, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2019.1636611
  9. IDF. (2019). IDF Diabetes Atlas. In The Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(55)92135-8
  10. Javanbakht, M., Baradaran, H. R., Mashayekhi, A., Haghdoost, A. A., Khamseh, M. E., Kharazmi, E., & Sadeghi, A. (2011). Cost-of-illness analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran. PLoS ONE, 6(10), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026864
  11. Kähm, K., Stark, R., Laxy, M., Schneider, U., & Leidl, R. (2020). Assessment of excess medical costs for persons with type 2 diabetes according to age groups: an analysis of German health insurance claims data. Diabetic Medicine, 37(10), 1752–1758. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14213
  12. Ke, X., Saksena, P., & Holly, A. (2011). The Determinants of Health Expenditure : A Country-Level Panel Data Analysis. Working Paper of the Results for Development Institute, 26. http://www.who.int/health_financing/documents/report_en_11_deter-he.pdf
  13. Kemenkes RI. (2017). Buku Panduan Penilaian Teknologi Kesehatan Efektivitas Klinis dan Evaluasi Ekonomi. p 1-44.
  14. König, H., Rommel, A., Baumert, J., Schmidt, C., König, H. H., Brettschneider, C., & Konnopka, A. (2021). Excess costs of type 2 diabetes and their sociodemographic and clinical determinants: A cross-sectional study using data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1). BMJ Open, 11(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043944
  15. Le, C., Lin, L., Jun, D., Jianhui, H., Keying, Z., Wenlong, C., Ying, S., & Tao, W. (2013). The economic burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural southwest China. International Journal of Cardiology, 165(2), 273–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.08.039
  16. Le, N. T. D., Pham, L. D., & Vo, T. Q. (2017). Type 2 diabetes in Vietnam: A cross-sectional, prevalence-based cost-of-illness study. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 10, 363–374. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S145152
  17. Li, X., Xu, Z., Ji, L., Guo, L., Liu, J., Feng, K., Xu, Y., Zhu, D., Jia, W., Ran, X. W., Chen, L., Zhao, S., Shi, B., Zhu, J., Shan, Z., Zhou, Z., Zeng, L., Weng, J., Ren, Q., Lu, J. (2019). Direct medical costs for patients with type 2 diabetes in 16 tertiary hospitals in urban China: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Journal of Diabetes Investigation, 10(2), 539–551. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12905
  18. MataCases, M., Casajuana, M., Franch-Nadal, J., Casellas, A., Castell, C., Vinagre, I., Mauricio, D., & Bolíbar, B. (2016). Direct medical costs attributable to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based study in Catalonia, Spain. European Journal of Health Economics, 17(8), 1001–1010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-015-0742-5
  19. Nath, B., Gupta, S. D., & Kumari, R. (2020). Effect of comorbidities on direct cost among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in tertiary care government hospital in Uttarakhand, India: A primary data analysis of out of pocket expenditure. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 14(6), 2153–2159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.009
  20. Ng, C. S., Toh, M. P. H. S., Ko, Y., & Lee, J. Y. C. (2015). Direct medical cost of type 2 diabetes in Singapore. PLoS ONE, 10(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122795
  21. OECD. (n.d.). (2021). Exchange Rate. Retrieved September 10, from https://data.oecd.org/conversion/exchange-rates.htm#indicator-chart
  22. Okoronkwo, I. L., Ekpemiro, J. N., Okwor, E. U., Okpala, P. U., & Adeyemo, F. O. (2015). Economic burden and catastrophic cost among people living with type2 diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary health institution in south-east zone, Nigeria Endocrine Disorders. BMC Research Notes, 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1489-x
  23. Perkeni. (2019). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.7748/NM.2020.E1928
  24. Pham, H. T. K., Kieu, T. T. M., Duong, T. D., Nguyen, K. D. Van, Tran, N. Q., Tran, T. H., & Ng, J. Y. S. (2020). Direct medical costs of diabetes and its complications in Vietnam: A national health insurance database study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 162, 108051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108051
  25. Rascati, K. L. (2014). Essentials of Pharmacoeconomics (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  26. Salman, R. A., Alsayyad, A. S., & Ludwig, C. (2019). Type 2 diabetes and healthcare resource utilisation in the Kingdom of Bahrain. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4795-5
  27. Sease, J., & Shealy, K. (2016). Pharmacotheraphy principles & practice (fourth, pp. 651–678). McGraw-Hill Education.
  28. Suprapti, B., & Nilamsari, W. P. (2013). Farmakoterapi Diabetes Mellitus. Airlangga University Press.
  29. Wang, J. S., Wu, Y. L., Shin, S. J., Tien, K. J., Chin, M. C., & Hwu, C. M. (2019). Hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based observational study. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 118, S90–S95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2019.06.017
  30. Wu, H., Eggleston, K. N., Zhong, J., Hu, R., Wang, C., Xie, K., Chen, Y., Chen, X., & Yu, M. (2018). How do type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related complications and socioeconomic factors impact direct medical costs? A cross-sectional study in rural Southeast China. BMJ Open, 8(11), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020647
  31. Yang, C., Huang, Z., Sun, K., Hu, Y., & Bao, X. (2018). Comparing the economic burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without medical insurance: A cross-sectional study in China. Medical Science Monitor, 24, 3098–3102. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.907909