Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis

ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION OF DETECTION METHOD FOR ETHYLENE AND DIETHYLENE GLYCOL CONTAMINANTS IN SYRUP USING GCMS (GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETER)

Supandi Supandi — 2025-06-14

Ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) are hazardous compounds if ingested by the human body. Testing conducted by the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPM) identified contamination of EG and DEG in glycerin and propylene glycol, which are utilized as solubility enhancers in syrup-based pharmaceuticals. This study aims to analyze EG and DEG contamination in children’s syrup drug samples using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) instrument. This study presents an analytical method for detecting EG and DEG contamination. Based on BPOM regulations governing the control a determination of EG and DEG. Several syrup drug samples, which are listed in the BPOM drug withdrawal list under Number HM.01.1.2.11.22.240, were each weighed at 5 grams, transferred into a 50 mL volumetric flask, 30 mL of methanol was added, and the mixture was sonicated for 5 minutes. Subsequently, solvent was added up to the calibration mark. Five out of eight samples were found to contain EG and DEG at concentrations of less than 0.1%. Validation of the GCMS method for EG and DEG compounds yielded accuracy values with recovery rates between 98% and 101%. The acquisition test results produced a relative standard deviation (RSD) value of 0.87. The linearity test showed a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.955. The limit of detection (LOD) for EG was 0.26 ng/mg, and for DEG it was 0.51 ng/mg. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for EG was 0.86 ng/mg, and for DEG it was 1.69 ng/mg. This validation indicates that the analytical method exhibits high accuracy and sensitivity.

STUDY OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS OF LINEZOLID IN DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

Rinto Susilo — 2025-06-14

The estimated number of DR TB patients in Indonesia is increasing. High adverse drug reactions have the potential to affect the success of DR TB patient treatment. Linezolid is one of the drugs in combination with DR TB therapy that has the potential to cause adverse drug reactions in the form of hematological disorders and visual impairment. This study aims to determine the incidence of Linezolid ADRs, including the incidence, severity, and risk factors associated with the occurrence of ADRs. This type of study is observational with a cross-sectional design conducted retrospectively in DR TB patients at the lung clinic of Hospital 'X" and Hospital "Y" in Indonesia. The results of the study showed that the incidence of ADRs suspected of Linezolid that met the criteria was 70 patients out of a total of 215. The most common type of ADRs was hematological disorders at 89%, the rest were visual impairment. The type of regimen and type of ADRs correlate with the severity of ADRs. It is necessary to monitor drug levels in the blood in order to monitor and prevent the potential for more severe ADRs so that therapy can be individualized.

POTENTIAL OF ROSELLA FLOWER EXTRACT KEFIR (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.) IN REDUCING PANCREATIC β- CELL DAMAGE IN DIABETES MELLITUS MODEL RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)

Viani Anggi — 2025-07-03

Kefir is a fermented milk product that contains probiotics, while rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) are known to have antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity. The combination of the two in the form of rosella flower extract kefir is expected to have a protective effect on the pancreas in diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the effect of administering rosella flower extract kefir preparations on the histopathological appearance of the pancreas of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by streptozotocin.This experimental study used a post-test control group design using 30 male white rats divided into several groups, namely normal controls who were given Na CMC 0.5% orally for 21 days, negative controls (induced by STZ without treatment) given Na CMC 0.5% orally for 21 days, positive controls (induced by STZ) and given glibenclamide suspension 0.45 mg/kg WB orally for 21 days, and treatment groups with different doses from kefir rosella flower extract with graded doses of 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW and 750 mg/kg BW. After treatment, rat pancreas was collected and analyzed histopathologically. The results of histopathological analysis showed that the group of mice that received rosella flower extract kefir at a dose of 750 mg/kg BW experienced structural improvements in pancreatic β cells with a damage value of 0.4. Administration of rosella flower extract kefir at a dose of 750 mg/kg BW has the potential to provide a protective effect on the pancreas in rats induced by streptozotocin

ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS (ADRs) AND THEIR SEVERITY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS TREATED WITH THE DOCETAXEL-DOXORUBICIN REGIMEN AT SULTAN AGUNG ISLAMIC HOSPITAL

Muh Maskur Setiaji — 2025-07-19

The use of the docetaxel-doxorubicin regimen in breast cancer treatment has been associated with Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). This study aims to analyze the occurrence of ADRs and their severity in breast cancer patients undergoing therapy with the docetaxel-doxorubicin regimen at the hospital. The research design employed a quantitative cross-sectional approach, and purposive sampling was used as the sampling technique. Six primary Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) were identified among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with the docetaxel-doxorubicin regimen: nausea (21,32%), anemia (13,71%), peripheral neuropathy (7,45%), alopecia (23,01%), cardiac disorders (7,11%), and anorexia (9.81%). Breast cancer patients treated with the docetaxel doxorubicin regimen experienced various levels of ADR severity. Of the 591 ADR incidents recorded, the majority (55.6%) were categorized as severity level 1 (mild), with nausea being the most frequently reported side effect. At severity level 2 (moderate), alopecia was predominant, while at severity level 3 (severe), anemia was the most common reaction. There were no ADR incidents reported at severity levels 4 and 5.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF DRUGBANK IN INVESTIGATING PHARMACOGENOMIC-DRIVEN NOVEL DRUG

Setiyo Budi Santoso — 2025-07-19

Bioinformatics plays a vital role in drug discovery and repurposing, yet challenges persist in data availability, biological complexity, and method standardization. The continued exploration and utilization of resources such as DrugBank will play a crucial role in advancing drug development and uncovering novel therapeutic opportunities. Our study presents a comprehensive analysis of the methodology utilized by bioinformaticians to integrate DrugBank with multiple databases, with the aim of facilitating the discovery of novel drugs. A literature review was conducted using Scopus and PubMed, focusing on articles from the last 10 years. Relevant articles meeting the inclusion criteria were collected between October and November 2022. The review identified 35 unique papers after removing duplicates. Screening led to 9 papers meeting inclusion criteria. The study reveals that DrugBank is an indispensable resource, aiding drug-gene interaction analysis and connecting gene data sources with potential drug candidates. It streamlines the multinetworking process and enables the identification and validation of new medications through clinical tools. These findings shed light on drug-gene interactions and drug repurposing, emphasizing the significance of leveraging multiple databases and network data. DrugBank's pivotal role in advancing drug discovery and personalized medicine underscores its importance in bioinformatics research.