Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 863 Download : 635

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

The present study deals with the development of a test cycle for the centrifugal clutch of continuously variable transmission (CVT) driven scooters. Centrifugal clutch experiences different duty cycles during the usage of scooters in city traffic and highways during its lifetime. Since the friction characteristics of the centrifugal clutch are controlled by acquired factors, it is difficult to predict ideal friction characteristics under all conditions. The wear of friction lining increases due to heat generated in the clutch assembly because of the repeated “stick-slip” phenomena. Therefore, an attempt has been made for developing à new test cycle by keeping the engagement frequency as a reference. Road load data for three different riding conditions have been collected and analyzed. The developed test cycle has been automated on the centrifugal clutch test bench and a new set of clutch liners was tested thoroughly. The surface roughness, thickness, and wear of clutch liners have been observed and evaluated against the field vehicles. For the surface roughness, maximum deviations of 3.74%, 3.36%, and 2.16% have been observed for trailing, middle and leading sections of clutch liners respectively. For the thickness, maximum deviations of 3.06%, 2.59%, and 3.14% have been observed for trailing, middle and leading sections of clutch liners respectively. The developed test cycle demonstrates a good correlation with field use.

Keywords

Centrifugal clutch Road load data Test cycle Test bench

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

References

  1. D. Panchal, Two and Three Wheeler Technology. PHI India, 2015.
  2. W. ORTHWEIN, Clutches and Brakes Design and Selection, Second Edition. 2004.
  3. T. Shirasuna, R. Hatakeyama, and Y. Sakai, “Establishment of Fuel Economy Estimation Method Focused on Transmission Efficiency of Rubber Belt Type CVT,” SAE Int. J. Engines, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 2396–2415, 2016, doi: 10.4271/2016-32-0036.
  4. D. Panchal, B. Patel, and D. Shah, “Application of Shainin ® Component Search TM approach as root cause analysis tool for drop in two-wheeler fuel economy,” Int. J. Six Sigma Compet. Advant., vol. 12, pp. 187–208, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSCA.2020.110981.
  5. T. Kimura, “A Study of Dry Centrifugal Clutch Judder,” SAE Tech. Pap., no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2005.
  6. C. Tseng and L. Chen, “A Hybrid Dynamic Simulation Model for Urban Scooters with a Mechanical-Type CVT,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics, 2008, no. September, pp. 515–519.
  7. N. Karthikeyan, A. Gokhale, and N. Bansode, “A Study on Effect of Various Design Parameters on Cooling of Clutch for a Continuously Variable Transmission ( CVT ) System of a Scooter,” SAE Tech. Pap. 2014-01-2595, 2014, doi: 10.4271/2014-01-2595.
  8. T. Li, Y. Huang, and J. Lin, “Studies on Centrifugal Clutch of Frictional Lining Materials,” Key Eng. Mater., vol. 642, pp. 39–44, 2015, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.642.39.
  9. T. C. Li, Y. W. Huang, and J. F. Lin, “Studies on centrifugal clutch judder behavior and the design of frictional lining materials,” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., vol. 66–67, pp. 811–828, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.06.010.
  10. C. Liu and Y. Chiang, “Analysis of the Sliding Contact Behavior of a Centrifugal Clutch,” Key Eng. Mater., vol. 715, no. 1, pp. 231–236, 2016, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.715.231.
  11. N. B. Crane, L. L. Howell, B. L. Weight, and S. P. Magleby, “Compliant Floating-Opposing-Arm ( FOA ) Centrifugal Clutch,” J. Mech. Des., vol. 126, no. January 2004, 2004, doi: 10.1115/1.1639378.
  12. R. G. Weight, L. L. Howell, and S. P. Magleby, “Minimizing Performance Variation for the Compliant Floating-Opposing-Arm Clutch,” ASME 2004 Des. Eng. Tech. Conf., pp. 1–11, 2004.
  13. A. Kholil, S. T. Dwiyati, Riyadi, and H. P. Randika, “Performance testing of motorcycle centrifugal clutch lining made from composite wood powder, coconut fibre, and green mussel shell,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 2019, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012065.
  14. Z. C. Dai, “Performance verification test of coaxial centrifugal clutch for motorcycle transmission system,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 2141, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2141/1/012008.
  15. T. C. Li, Y. W. Huang, and J. F. Lin, “Studies on centrifugal clutch judder behavior and the design of frictional lining materials,” Mech. Syst. Signal Process., vol. 66–67, pp. 811–828, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.06.010.
  16. H. Su, “A Road Load Data Processing Technique for Durability Optimization of Automotive Products,” SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst., vol. 7, no. 1, 2014, doi: 10.4271/2014-01-0884.
  17. M. Soner, N. Guven, M. Karaagac, T. Erdogus, and F. Otosan, “Parabolic Leaf Spring Fatigue Life Based on Road Load Data , Endurance Rig Test and Wind Up Evaluations,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2012, doi: 10.4271/2012-01-0227.
  18. C. V. R. Reddy, K. . M. Satheesh, X. Yang, M. Sudhakar, and R. J. Withrow, “Analysis of Road Load Data to Extract Statistical Trends in Spindle Loads for Vehicles with Variants,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2005, doi: https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-0859.
  19. U. Prasade, S. Medepalli, D. Moore, and R. N. Rao, “Beam Element Leaf Spring Suspension Model Development and Assessment Using Road Load Data,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2006.
  20. A. Ogunoiki and O. Olatunbosun, “Characterisation of the Effects of Vehicle Parameter Variations on Vehicle Road Load Data,” SAE Tech. Pap. 2015-01-0634, 2015, doi: 10.4271/2015-01-0634.
  21. A. Londhe, S. Kangde, and K. Karthikeyan, “Deriving the Compressed Accelerated Test Cycle from Measured Road Load Data,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2012, doi: 10.4271/2012-01-0063.
  22. A. Kanbolat, M. Soner, T. Erdogus, and M. Karaagac, “Parabolic Leaf Spring Optimization and Fatigue Strength Evaluation on the Base of Road Load Data , Endurance Rig Tests and Non Linear Finite Element Analysis,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2011, doi: 10.4271/2011-01-0438.
  23. S. Mohire, S. Chatterjee, K. Kamlakar, and B. Tata, “Derivation of Test Schedule for Clutch Using Road Load Data Analysis and Energy Dissipation as Basis,” SAE Tech. Pap. 2018-01-0389, pp. 1–7, 2018, doi: 10.4271/2018-01-0389.
  24. P. Bingham, S. Theodossiades, T. Saunders, E. Grant, and R. Daubney, “A study on automotive drivetrain transient response to ‘ clutch abuse ’ events,” J Automob. Eng., pp. 1–14, 2015, doi: 10.1177/0954407015611293.
  25. Q. Zou, C. Rao, G. Barber, B. Zhou, and Y. Wang, “Investigation of surface characteristics and tribological behavior of clutch plate materials,” Wear, vol. 302, no. 1–2, pp. 1378–1383, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2012.10.024.
  26. S. Paulraj and S. Muthiah, “Estimation of Clutch Life for Manual Transmission Vehicle Through Thermal Modeling of Clutch Housing and Clutch Facing,” SAE Tech. Pap., 2017, doi: 10.4271/2017-01-2439.