Main Article Content
Abstract
This study reviews post-pandemic business models, as demonstrated in transportation business by employing literature study method. Data obtained includes 56 articles published from 2020 to 2022 during Covid-19 pandemic that transform the business model. The results of the study indicate that there are six streams in the literature, namely (1) the impact of Covid-19 on the transportation sector, (2) the built environment for business model transportation, (3) the need for transformation of business models due to new policies, (4) changes in consumer choices and behavior, (5) supply chain management and transportation transformation, and (6) transportation business model planning. The synthesis resulted in a transportation sustainable business model transformation framework involving threat identification, company character, support, built environment, resources and capabilities, design and development, and delivery and evaluation. The transportation business needs to identify aspects of transportation services that need to be improved, adjust internal resources and capabilities, reconfigure the business, and encourage collective agreements to transform the post-pandemic transportation business model. This research contributes to the literature on transform the regular business model. It emphasizes the importance of resources and capabilities to drive business transformation internally and externally in the context of the transportation business.
Keywords
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
- K. Turoń and A. Kubik, “Business innovations in the new mobility market during the COVID-19 with the possibility of open business model innovation,” Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 195, 2021.
- M. Setiyo and B. Waluyo, “Captain Seat: Smart Solution for Physical Distancing on Buses During the Covid-19 Pandemic,” Automotive Experiences, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2021.
- R. Rusdjijati, S. A. Subrata, Z. B. Pambuko, M. Setiyo, and M. Noga, “Strategy for Safe Passenger Transport during the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Review to Recommendation,” Automotive Experiences, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 90–102, 2022.
- A. Dorofeev, V. Kurganov, N. Fillipova, and T. Pashkova, “Ensuring the integrity of transportation and logistics during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 50, pp. 96–105, 2020.
- X. Sun, S. Wandelt, C. Zheng, and A. Zhang, “COVID-19 pandemic and air transportation: Successfully navigating the paper hurricane,” Journal of Air Transport Management, vol. 94, p. 102062, 2021.
- Y. Gao, Z. Feng, and S. Zhang, “Managing supply chain resilience in the era of VUCA,” Frontiers of Engineering Management, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 465, 2021.
- S. Korber and R. B. McNaughton, “Resilience and entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review,” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1129–1154, 2017.
- D. Gough, S. Oliver, and J. Thomas, An introduction to systematic reviews. Sage, 2017.
- M. Petticrew and H. Roberts, Systematic reviews in the social sciences: A practical guide. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
- D. Luftig and J. Plungis, “OhioLINK librarians and Google Scholar over time: a longitudinal analysis of attitudes and uses,” Reference Services Review, 2020.
- A. Martín-Martín and E. D. López-Cózar, “Large coverage fluctuations in Google Scholar: a case study,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.07571, 2021.
- H. T. M. Van and F. M. Nafukho, “Employee engagement antecedents and consequences in Vietnamese businesses,” European Journal of Training and Development, 2019.
- B. M. López-Fitzsimmons and K. A. Nagra, “Google vs. library databases: Engaging twenty-first century undergraduate students in critical thinking,” Journal of electronic resources librarianship, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 219–231, 2019.
- F. Alotaibi and F. Johnson, “Why we like Google Scholar: postgraduate students’ perceptions of factors influencing their intention to use,” Aslib Journal of Information Management, 2020.
- E. Babbie, The basics of social research, Sixth Edit. 2014.
- K. Stalmachova, R. Chinoracky, and M. Strenitzerova, “Changes in Business Models Caused by Digital Transformation and the COVID-19 Pandemic and Possibilities of Their Measurement—Case Study,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 127, 2021.
- E. A. Mack, S. Agrawal, and S. Wang, “The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on transportation employment: A comparative analysis,” Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 12, p. 100470, 2021.
- L. Budd, S. Ison, and N. Adrienne, “European airline response to the COVID-19 pandemic–Contraction, consolidation and future considerations for airline business and management,” Research in Transportation Business & Management, vol. 37, p. 100578, 2020.
- M. Deveci, S. C. Öner, F. Canıtez, and M. Öner, “Evaluation of service quality in public bus transportation using interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy QFD methodology,” Research in Transportation Business & Management, vol. 33, p. 100387, 2019.
- A. Tardivo, A. Carrillo Zanuy, and C. Sánchez Martín, “COVID-19 impact on transport: A paper from the railways’ systems research perspective,” Transportation Research Record, vol. 2675, no. 5, pp. 367–378, 2021.
- G. Andreana, A. Gualini, G. Martini, F. Porta, and D. Scotti, “The disruptive impact of COVID-19 on air transportation: An ITS econometric analysis,” Research in Transportation Economics, vol. 90, p. 101042, 2021.
- J. T. Aparicio, E. Arsenio, and R. Henriques, “Understanding the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transportation travel patterns in the City of Lisbon,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 15, p. 8342, 2021.
- S. S. V Subbarao and R. Kadali, “Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the public transportation system and strategic plans to improve PT ridership: A review,” Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2022.
- J. Lu, A. Lin, C. Jiang, A. Zhang, and Z. Yang, “Influence of transportation network on transmission heterogeneity of COVID-19 in China,” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, vol. 129, p. 103231, 2021.
- Q. Cui et al., “The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on China’s transport sectors based on the CGE model coupled with a decomposition analysis approach,” Transport Policy, vol. 103, pp. 103–115, 2021.
- J. Tian, Z. Lin, and F. Wang, “Resilient trade-offs between safety and profitability: perspectives of sharp-end drivers in the Beijing taxi service system,” International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 721–733, 2022.
- J. Amankwah-Amoah, Z. Khan, G. Wood, and G. Knight, “COVID-19 and digitalization: The great acceleration,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 136, pp. 602–611, 2021.
- M. McQueen, G. Abou-Zeid, J. MacArthur, and K. Clifton, “Transportation transformation: Is micromobility making a macro impact on sustainability?,” Journal of Planning Literature, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 46–61, 2021.
- K. Mouratidis, S. Peters, and B. van Wee, “Transportation technologies, sharing economy, and teleactivities: Implications for built environment and travel,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 92, p. 102716, 2021.
- Z. Bian et al., “Time lag effects of COVID-19 policies on transportation systems: A comparative study of New York City and Seattle,” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, vol. 145, pp. 269–283, 2021.
- J. T. Sidel, “Averting ‘Carmageddon’ through reform? An eco-systemic analysis of traffic congestion and transportation policy gridlock in Metro Manila,” Critical Asian Studies, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 378–402, 2020.
- S. Li, Y. Zhou, T. Kundu, and F. Zhang, “Impact of entry restriction policies on international air transport connectivity during COVID-19 pandemic,” Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 152, p. 102411, 2021.
- C. S. Costa, C. S. Pitombo, and F. L. U. de Souza, “Travel Behavior before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: Mobility Changes and Transport Policies for a Sustainable Transportation System in the Post-Pandemic Period,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 8, p. 4573, 2022.
- M. Cusack, “Individual, social, and environmental factors associated with active transportation commuting during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Journal of transport & health, vol. 22, p. 101089, 2021.
- D. A. Hensher, M. J. Beck, and E. Wei, “Working from home and its implications for strategic transport modelling based on the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic,” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, vol. 148, pp. 64–78, 2021.
- P. Monmousseau, A. Marzuoli, E. Feron, and D. Delahaye, “Impact of Covid-19 on passengers and airlines from passenger measurements: Managing customer satisfaction while putting the US Air Transportation System to sleep,” Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 7, no. January 2019, p. 100179, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2020.100179.
- J. Molloy, T. Schatzmann, B. Schoeman, C. Tchervenkov, B. Hintermann, and K. W. Axhausen, “Observed impacts of the Covid-19 first wave on travel behaviour in Switzerland based on a large GPS panel,” Transport Policy, vol. 104, pp. 43–51, 2021.
- P. Loa, S. Hossain, Y. Liu, and K. N. Habib, “How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the use of ride-sourcing services? An empirical evidence-based investigation for the Greater Toronto Area,” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, vol. 155, pp. 46–62, 2022.
- Y. Gao, “Benchmarking the recovery of air travel demands for US airports during the COVID-19 Pandemic,” Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 13, p. 100570, 2022.
- G. Timokhina, N. Ivashkova, I. Skorobogatykh, T. Murtuzalieva, and Z. Musatova, “Management of competitiveness of metropolis public transport in the COVID-19 pandemic based on core consumers’ values,” Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 192, 2020.
- U. Illahi and M. S. Mir, “Maintaining efficient logistics and supply chain management operations during and after coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Learning from the past experiences,” Environment, Development and Sustainability, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 11157–11178, 2021.
- M. Sharma, S. Joshi, S. Luthra, and A. Kumar, “Managing disruptions and risks amidst COVID-19 outbreaks: role of blockchain technology in developing resilient food supply chains,” Operations Management Research, pp. 1–14, 2021.
- M. Mańkowska, M. Pluciński, I. Kotowska, and L. Filina-Dawidowicz, “Seaports during the COVID-19 pandemic: the terminal operators’ tactical responses to disruptions in Maritime supply chains,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 14, p. 4339, 2021.
- K. Gkiotsalitis and O. Cats, “Public transport planning adaption under the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: literature review of research needs and directions,” Transport Reviews, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 374–392, 2021.
- E. Mogaji, “Impact of COVID-19 on transportation in Lagos, Nigeria,” Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, vol. 6, p. 100154, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2020.100154.
- E. Tumsekcali, E. Ayyildiz, and A. Taskin, “Interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy AHP-WASPAS based public transportation service quality evaluation by a new extension of SERVQUAL Model: P-SERVQUAL 4.0,” Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 186, p. 115757, 2021.
- D. Truong, “Estimating the impact of COVID-19 on air travel in the medium and long term using neural network and Monte Carlo simulation,” Journal of Air Transport Management, vol. 96, p. 102126, 2021.
- J. Liu, S. E. Moss, and J. Zhang, “The life cycle of a pandemic crisis: SARS impact on air travel,” Journal of International Business Research, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 63, 2011.
- L. Carballo Piñeiro, M. Q. Mejia, and F. Ballini, “Beyond COVID-19: the future of maritime transport,” WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 127–133, 2021.
- M. V. Corazza and A. Musso, “Urban transport policies in the time of pandemic, and after: An ARDUOUS research agenda,” Transport Policy, vol. 103, pp. 31–44, 2021.
- M. Z. Serdar, M. Koç, and S. G. Al-Ghamdi, “Urban transportation networks resilience: indicators, disturbances, and assessment methods,” Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 76, p. 103452, 2022.
- A. I. Petrov and D. A. Petrova, “Open business model of COVID-19 transformation of an urban public transport system: The experience of a large Russian city,” Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 171, 2021.
- A. Setiawan, G. A. Prastyan, and P. Kijkasiwat, “Embracing Crisis: What Change in Business Resilience and Growth Strategy After Pandemic,” 2022.
- J. Ojasalo and K. Ojasalo, “Service logic business model canvas,” Journal of research in marketing and entrepreneurship, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 70–98, 2018.
- S. Sparviero, “The Case for a Socially Oriented Business Model Canvas: The Social Enterprise Model Canvas,” Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 232–251, 2019, doi: 10.1080/19420676.2018.1541011.
- F. E. García-Muiña, M. S. Medina-Salgado, A. M. Ferrari, and M. Cucchi, “Sustainability transition in industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing with the triple-layered business model canvas,” Sustainability, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 2364, 2020.
- H. Chesbrough, “Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers,” Long range planning, vol. 43, no. 2–3, pp. 354–363, 2010.
- T. Saebi, L. Lien, and N. J. Foss, “What Drives Business Model Adaptation? The Impact of Opportunities, Threats and Strategic Orientation,” Long Range Planning, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 567–581, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2016.06.006.
- P. J. Carlborg, N. Hasche, and J. Kask, “Overcoming the business model transformation dilemma: exploring market shaping and stabilizing strategies in incumbent firms,” Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 2021.
- L. Carraresi and S. Bröring, “How does business model redesign foster resilience in emerging circular value chains?,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 289, p. 125823, 2021.
- U. Awan and R. Sroufe, “Sustainability in the circular economy: Insights and dynamics of designing circular business models,” Applied Sciences, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 1521, 2022.
- A. A. Boni, L. R. Weingart, and S. Evenson, “Innovation in an academic setting: Designing and leading a business through market-focused, interdisciplinary teams,” Academy of Management Learning & Education, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 407–417, 2009.
- R. Biloslavo, C. Bagnoli, M. Massaro, and A. Cosentino, “Business model transformation toward sustainability: the impact of legitimation,” Management Decision, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 1643–1662, 2020.
- S. Evans et al., “Business model innovation for sustainability: Towards a unified perspective for creation of sustainable business models,” Business Strategy and the Environment, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 597–608, 2017.
- A. Joyce and R. L. Paquin, “The triple layered business model canvas: A tool to design more sustainable business models,” Journal of cleaner production, vol. 135, pp. 1474–1486, 2016.
- A. Osterwalder and Y. Pigneur, Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers, vol. 1. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
- T. Bergmann and H. Utikal, “How to Support Start-Ups in Developing a Sustainable Business Model: The Case of an European Social Impact Accelerator,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 6, p. 3337, 2021.
- C. Furqon, M. Sultan, and F. Wijaya, “Business development of coffee farmers group using triple layered business model canvas,” J. Bus. Econ. Review, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 163–170, 2019.
- V. V Geldres-Weiss, N. Gambetta, N. P. Massa, and S. L. Geldres-Weiss, “Materiality matrix use in aligning and determining a firm’s sustainable business model archetype and triple bottom line impact on stakeholders,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 1065, 2021.
- M. Reeves, K. Haanaes, and J. Sinha, “Navigating the dozens of different strategy options,” Harvard Business Review, vol. 93, no. 6, pp. 1–17, 2015.
- P. Potjanajaruwit, “Success Factors for the Transportation Business Strategy During Economic Crisis of SMEs in Thailand,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, vol. 918, no. 1, p. 12046.
- P. Di Muro and J. R. Turner, “Entrepreneurial opportunity pursuit through business model transformation: a project perspective,” International Journal of Project Management, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 968–979, 2018.
- K. Ruggeri et al., “Not lost in translation: Successfully replicating Prospect Theory in 19 countries,” 2019.
- J. B. Barney, “Why resource‐based theory’s model of profit appropriation must incorporate a stakeholder perspective,” Strategic Management Journal, vol. 39, no. 13, pp. 3305–3325, 2018.
- M. Mitręga and T.-M. Choi, “How small-and-medium transportation companies handle asymmetric customer relationships under COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-method study,” Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 148, p. 102249, 2021.
- J. Frishammar and V. Parida, “Circular business model transformation: A roadmap for incumbent firms,” California Management Review, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 5–29, 2019.
- B. Torgautov, A. Zhanabayev, A. Tleuken, A. Turkyilmaz, M. Mustafa, and F. Karaca, “Circular economy: Challenges and opportunities in the construction sector of Kazakhstan,” Buildings, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 501, 2021.
- L. Massa, C. L. Tucci, and A. Afuah, “A critical assessment of business model research,” Academy of Management Annals, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 73–104, 2017.