Puzzle play therapy to reducing pre-transfusion anxiety in patient with thalassemia

Abstract

Thalassemia, a chronic blood disorder, requires regular blood transfusions, which can cause significant anxiety in children during the pre-transfusion period. If left unmanaged, this anxiety can negatively impact the child's comfort, cooperation, and overall healing process. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of puzzle play therapy as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pre-transfusion anxiety in a child with thalassemia. A descriptive case study approach was employed, involving a child with thalassemia major who undergoes routine blood transfusions. Data were collected through nursing assessments, observations of the child's behaviour before and after the intervention, and documentation based on the nursing process stages. Puzzle play therapy was provided during the pre-transfusion waiting period as an engaging distraction tailored to the child's developmental stage. The results showed a reduction in anxiety symptoms following the intervention, evident in the child's calmer demeanour, increased cooperation, and active participation during the pre-transfusion process. These findings suggest that puzzle play therapy is an effective nursing intervention for reducing pre-transfusion anxiety in children with thalassemia. Incorporating puzzle play therapy into holistic paediatric nursing care can provide a valuable supportive strategy in child-friendly healthcare settings. With promoting a more positive experience for children undergoing blood transfusions, this intervention can enhance their overall care and well-being.

Keywords: Paediatric nursing, puzzle play therapy, symptoms management, thalassemia, well-being