Assessing the depth of knowledge about HIV among nurses working in the hospital: a descriptive study

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a critical global health challenge. Nurses play a pivotal role in providing care, including case finding, education, and counseling. However, misconceptions about HIV may lead to hesitation in treatment. Enhancing nurses' knowledge is crucial to boosting their confidence and competency. This descriptive quantitative study used a cross-sectional design to assess HIV knowledge among 386 nurses at a large hospital in Yogyakarta, selected through consecutive sampling. Participants met criteria such as active status, at least Diploma 3 education, and over one year of experience. Data were collected using the HIV-KQ-18 tool and analyzed via univariate and bivariate methods. Results showed a median knowledge score of 13 (range = 0-18). Scores were highest in HIV transmission knowledge and lowest in prevention. Significant differences in knowledge were linked to experience in patient care (p < 0.001), interaction history with HIV patients (p < 0.001), and participation in HIV-related training (p = 0.038). Despite generally good knowledge levels, gaps remain in HIV prevention. Enhancing experience, interaction, and training is recommended to better prepare nurses for effective care.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, knowledge, medical nursing, nursing care, prevention