Mechanical behavior of glass fiber-epoxy composite laminates for ship hull structures
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Nov 7, 2024
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Abstract
Polymer composite is widely used in various structures due to its strength-to-load ratio. Despite the significant benefits, many structures are vulnerable to high-impact loads in practical situations. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the effect of fiber arrangement on the mechanical behavior of glass fiber-epoxy composite laminates. Experiments were conducted on several samples with glass fiber arrays of Chopped Strand Matt (CSM), Woven Rovings (WR), and Woven Cloth (WC). The composite fabrication was molded using the vacuum pressure infusion (VAPRI) method. The mechanical behavior of laminate composite was obtained using a tensile test, tree point bending, shore D hardness, Charrpy impact, fracture observation, and fiber-matrix delamination. The results showed that WR arrangement excelled in various mechanical behaviors, including flexural strength 6992.6 Mpa, Hardnes 75.66 HD, and Impact 0.1789 J/mm. In comparison, the highest tensile strength value was obtained in the WC arrangement of 73.24 Mpa. This research showed that both regular and arranged fiber provided better mechanical properties than random fiber. The incorporation of fiber arrangement could be recommended in the further development of high-performance polymer composite.
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References
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[11] K. Anam, A. Purnowidodo, B. Ananta, and P. K. A. V. Kumar, “The Effect of Load Steps and Initial Crack Length on Stress Distribution of Fiber Metal Laminates,” Mechanics Exploration and Material Innovation, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 54–60, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.21776/ub.memi.2024.001.02.3.
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[14] K. Tikupadang, M. B. Palungan, A. Buku, and H. Manuhutu, “The Utilization of Agave Cantula Roxb as Composite Strength on Fishing Boat Hull,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1088, no. 1, p. 012101, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1088/1/012101.
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[17] S. M. Izwan, S. M. Sapuan, M. Y. M. Zuhri, and A. R. Mohamed, “Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical analysis of benzoylation treated sugar palm/kenaf fiber reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites,” Polymers, vol. 13, no. 17, 2021, doi: 10.3390/polym13172961.
[18] W. A. Wirawan, M. A. Choiron, E. Siswanto, and T. D. Widodo, “Analysis of the fracture area of tensile test for natural woven fiber composites (hibiscus tiliaceus-polyester),” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1700, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1700/1/012034.
[19] W. A. Wirawan, “Surface Modification with Silane Coupling Agent on Tensile Properties of Natural Fiber Composite,” Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 98–105, 2017, doi: 10.22219/jemmme.v2i2.5053.
[20] A. B. Sulistyo and W. A. Wirawan, “Evaluation of tensile strength and flexural strength of GFRP composites in different types of matrix polymers,” Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, vol. 123, no. 1, pp. 49–57, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.6847.
[21] B. W. Budiarto, W. A. Wirawan, F. Rozaq, N. F. Rachman, and D. S. Oktaria, “Effect of fiber length on tensile strength, impact toughness, and flexural strength of Banana Stem Fiber (BSF)-polyester composite for train body,” Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 7–14, 2023, doi: 10.22219/jemmme.v8i1.25570.
[22] N. F. Apriliani, W. A. Wirawan, M. Muslimin, R. A. Ilyas, M. A. Rahma, and A. T. Agus Salim, “Improving wear performance, physical, and mechanical properties of iron sand/epoxy composite modified with carbon powder,” Results in Materials, vol. 21, no. 73, p. 100532, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rinma.2024.100532.
[23] M. del Angel-Monroy et al., “Effect of coconut fibers chemically modified with alkoxysilanes on the crystallization, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites,” Polymer Bulletin, pp. 1–28, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1007/S00289-023-04740-6/METRICS.
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[25] A. A. Khalaf, H. M. Mahan, A. K. J. Al-Shamary, and M. M. Hanon, “Effect of Hybrid Materials Configuration on The Mechanical Properties of Composites,” Journal of Applied Science and Engineering (Taiwan), vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 873–880, 2022, doi: 10.6180/jase.202210_25(5).0018.
[26] A. Rajpurohit, S. Joannès, V. Singery, P. Sanial, and L. Laiarinandrasana, “Hybrid effect in in-plane loading of carbon/glass fibre based inter-and intraply hybrid composites,” Journal of Composites Science, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–20, 2020, doi: 10.3390/jcs4010006.
[27] G. K. Sathishkumar et al., “Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Epoxy/Polyester/Polypropylene Composites: A Review,” Journal of Natural Fibers, vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–24, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15440478.2020.1848723.
[28] M. Rajesh, S. P. Singh, and J. Pitchaimani, “Mechanical behavior of woven natural fiber fabric composites: Effect of weaving architecture, intra-ply hybridization and stacking sequence of fabrics,” Journal of Industrial Textiles, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 938–959, 2018, doi: 10.1177/1528083716679157.
[29] G. K. Sathishkumar et al., “Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Epoxy/Polyester/Polypropylene Composites: A Review,” Journal of Natural Fibers, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 3718–3741, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1080/15440478.2020.1848723.