An evaluation of patient outcomes and cost-benefits associated with a home intravenous therapy program in Canada

Abstract

Home intravenous (IV) therapy programs are a growing community health initiative due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and ability to facilitate earlier patient discharge. These programs provide nursing support for clients receiving antibiotic treatment at home and ongoing education for patients and caregivers. The Surrey Home IV program, launched two decades ago with 3–4 patients, expanded to approximately 505 patients by 2012 but had not been evaluated. This study aimed to assess the outcomes and cost benefits of the program through a retrospective chart review of 168 clients enrolled between January and December 2012. Data were analyzed statistically to evaluate outcomes. Findings indicated that socio-demographic factors (age, gender, caregiver support) were not significantly associated with readmissions or complications. Spousal caregivers facilitated quicker program acceptance by allowing earlier initiation of education. Longer hospital stays were associated with longer durations in the home IV program. Co-morbidities, diagnosis, or type of infection did not influence complications, readmissions, or program duration. Open wounds required an average of six weeks of IV therapy, while systemic infections needed 4–6 weeks. Cost analysis showed that a 40-day home IV program saved an estimated $8.147.160 compared to a hospital stay, demonstrating substantial savings for the health authority. The Surrey Home IV program has proven to be safe, cost-effective, and beneficial for patients, caregivers, and health systems. These findings highlight the value of supporting home IV therapy and patient self-care models to reduce healthcare costs while maintaining high-quality care.

Keywords: Health authority, home intravenous therapy, morbidities, mortalities, nursing care